Natural Host Genetic Resistance to Lentiviral CNS Disease: A Neuroprotective MHC Class I Allele in SIV-Infected Macaques
2008

MHC Class I Allele Mane-A*10 Protects Against SIV-Induced CNS Disease in Macaques

Sample size: 63 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Mankowski Joseph L., Queen Suzanne E., Fernandez Caroline S., Tarwater Patrick M., Karper Jami M., Adams Robert J., Kent Stephen J.

Primary Institution: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Hypothesis

Does the expression of the MHC class I allele Mane-A*10 influence the development of lentiviral-induced CNS disease in SIV-infected macaques?

Conclusion

Macaques expressing the Mane-A*10 allele are less likely to develop SIV-induced CNS disease compared to those that do not express the allele.

Supporting Evidence

  • 24 out of 63 macaques expressed the Mane-A*10 allele.
  • Only 6 of 24 Mane-A*10 positive macaques developed SIV CNS disease.
  • 26 of 39 Mane-A*10 negative macaques developed SIV CNS disease.
  • Mane-A*10 positive animals had lower CNS immunostaining for CD68.
  • Mane-A*10 positive animals had significantly lower SIV RNA levels in the basal ganglia.
  • Mane-A*10 positive animals had lower axonal accumulation of APP.

Takeaway

Some monkeys have a special gene that helps protect their brains from a virus that usually makes them sick. If they have this gene, they get less sick from the virus.

Methodology

The study involved a retrospective cohort of 63 pig-tailed macaques inoculated with SIV and analyzed for MHC class I allele expression and CNS disease outcomes.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to the non-randomized nature of treatment among the macaques.

Limitations

The study is limited by its retrospective design and the small sample size of treated versus untreated animals.

Participant Demographics

63 pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) were used in the study.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.002

Statistical Significance

p=0.002

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0003603

Want to read the original?

Access the complete publication on the publisher's website

View Original Publication