Zinc or Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation to Reduce Diarrhea and Respiratory Disease in South African Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
2007

Zinc and Micronutrient Supplementation to Reduce Diarrhea and Respiratory Disease in South African Children

Sample size: 335 publication Evidence: low

Author Information

Author(s): Luabeya Kany-Kany Angelique, Mpontshane Nontobeko, Mackay Malanie, Ward Honorine, Elson Inga, Chhagan Meera, Tomkins Andrew, den Broeck Jan Van, Bennish Michael L.

Primary Institution: Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu Natal, Somkhele, South Africa

Hypothesis

Does zinc, or zinc plus multiple micronutrients, reduce diarrhea and respiratory disease prevalence in children?

Conclusion

Supplementation with zinc, or with zinc and multiple micronutrients, did not reduce diarrhea and respiratory morbidity in rural South African children.

Supporting Evidence

  • Zinc deficiency is common in children in developing countries.
  • Previous studies in Asia and Latin America found that zinc reduces diarrhea and pneumonia.
  • This study found no significant difference in diarrhea or respiratory illness between treatment groups.

Takeaway

The study tested if giving zinc and other vitamins to kids could help them get sick less often, but it didn't work.

Methodology

Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial with three treatment arms: vitamin A alone, vitamin A plus zinc, and vitamin A plus multiple micronutrients.

Potential Biases

No evidence of bias in assignment to treatment group was found.

Limitations

Enrollment of HIV-infected children was much smaller than planned, limiting conclusions about efficacy in this cohort.

Participant Demographics

Participants included HIV-infected children and HIV-uninfected children born to both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected mothers.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0000541

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