Endotoxemia Is Associated with Altered Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Untreated HIV-1 Infected Individuals
2011

Impact of Endotoxemia on Immune Responses in HIV-1 Infected Individuals

Sample size: 96 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Bukh Anne Roslev, Melchjorsen Jesper, Offersen Rasmus, Jensen Jens Magnus Bernth, Toft Lars, Støvring Henrik, Østergaard Lars, Tolstrup Martin, Søgaard Ole Schmeltz

Primary Institution: Aarhus University Hospital Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark

Hypothesis

Is microbial translocation and inflammation associated with innate and adaptive immune responses in adults with HIV?

Conclusion

Higher serum LPS levels predict poor vaccine responses among HAART-naive HIV-infected individuals.

Supporting Evidence

  • Microbial translocation and inflammatory markers were higher among HIV-infected persons than controls.
  • Cytokine levels following LPS stimulation were increased in PBMCs from HAART-naive compared to HAART-treated individuals.
  • High serum LPS levels predicted poor vaccine responses among HAART-naive individuals.

Takeaway

This study found that bacteria in the blood can make it harder for people with untreated HIV to respond to vaccines.

Methodology

An observational cohort study analyzing serum and PBMCs from HIV-infected and uninfected individuals.

Potential Biases

Potential biases due to the observational nature and small sample size of HAART-naive individuals.

Limitations

The study design is cross-sectional and the HAART-naive group was relatively small.

Participant Demographics

96 HIV-infected individuals (20 HAART-naive, 76 HAART-treated) and 50 healthy controls.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001 for sCD14 levels

Confidence Interval

95% CI: −4.06–−1.17 for LPS predicting antibody response

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0021275

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