Olfactory Impairment Is Correlated with Confabulation in Alcoholism: Towards a Multimodal Testing of Orbitofrontal Cortex Olfaction-Confabulation Links in Alcoholism
2011

Olfactory Impairment and Confabulation in Alcoholism

Sample size: 40 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Pierre Maurage, Christophe Callot, Betty Chang, Pierre Philippot, Philippe Rombaux, Philippe de Timary

Primary Institution: Catholic University of Louvain

Hypothesis

If olfactory impairments are related to orbitofrontal dysfunction in psychiatry, they should be strongly correlated with deficits in the confabulation task among alcoholic participants.

Conclusion

Alcoholism leads to impairments in both olfactory abilities and memory source, which are associated with each other.

Supporting Evidence

  • Alcoholic individuals showed significant impairments in high-level olfactory processing compared to controls.
  • Olfactory abilities and confabulation rates were significantly correlated in both groups.
  • Alcoholics had a higher Temporal Context Confusion Index indicating memory source impairment.

Takeaway

People with alcoholism have trouble smelling and remembering things correctly, which might be linked to problems in a specific part of their brain.

Methodology

The study involved 20 detoxified alcoholics and 20 matched controls, assessing olfactory abilities and executive functions through specific tasks.

Potential Biases

Potential biases from comorbidities and medication were controlled for, but residual effects of alcohol could not be entirely ruled out.

Limitations

The study's findings may be influenced by the short abstinence period of participants and the limited number of cognitive tasks used.

Participant Demographics

20 alcohol-dependent individuals (9 women) and 20 matched controls, all right-handed.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0023190

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