Adaptive Evolution of the Venom-Targeted vWF Protein in Opossums that Eat Pitvipers
Author Information
Author(s): Sharon A. Jansa, Robert S. Voss
Primary Institution: University of Minnesota
Hypothesis
Is there evidence for rapid adaptive evolution in genes that confer toxin resistance among opossums that eat pitvipers?
Conclusion
The study provides evidence of rapid adaptive evolution in the von Willebrand Factor gene of opossums that eat pitvipers, suggesting an evolutionary arms race where snakes are the prey.
Supporting Evidence
- High ratios of replacement to silent substitutions were found in the vWF gene of opossums that eat pitvipers.
- Observed amino-acid substitutions in venom-resistant opossums are hypothesized to weaken the bond between vWF and snake-venom ligands.
- The study provides the first example of rapid adaptive evolution in any venom-targeted molecule.
Takeaway
Some opossums can eat venomous pitvipers without getting hurt because they have special changes in their blood proteins that help them resist the venom.
Methodology
The study analyzed vWF sequences from 41 species of didelphids and performed branch-site tests of positive selection.
Limitations
The study does not include experimental evidence for venom resistance in all tested species, particularly Chironectes.
Participant Demographics
The study focused on 41 species of didelphids, including various opossum species known to eat pitvipers.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.01
Statistical Significance
p<0.01
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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