Population and Individual Elephant Response to a Catastrophic Fire in Pilanesberg National Park
2008

Elephant Response to Fire in Pilanesberg National Park

Sample size: 47 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Woolley Leigh-Ann, Millspaugh Joshua J., Woods Rami J., Janse van Rensburg Samantha, Mackey Robin L., Page Bruce, Slotow Rob

Primary Institution: University of KwaZulu-Natal

Hypothesis

What are the behavioral and physiological responses of elephants to a catastrophic fire event?

Conclusion

The fire caused significant behavioral changes and stress responses in the elephant population, particularly affecting injured individuals and juveniles.

Supporting Evidence

  • 29 elephants died as a result of the fire, representing 18% of the population.
  • Injured elephants showed reduced daily displacement and increased stress hormone levels post-fire.
  • Uninjured elephants also altered their behavior, spending more time in non-tourist areas.
  • The population is projected to recover to pre-fire levels within three to four years.
  • Most mortality occurred in the juvenile age class, affecting population age structure.

Takeaway

When a big fire happened, many elephants got hurt or died, and the ones that survived acted differently and were more stressed.

Methodology

The study involved GPS-collared elephants to assess movement patterns and physiological stress through fecal glucocorticoid levels.

Potential Biases

Potential bias in stress measurement due to environmental factors and the specific conditions of the fire.

Limitations

The study was limited to a single catastrophic fire event and may not represent responses to other types of disturbances.

Participant Demographics

The study focused on a population of 165 elephants, including juveniles and adults of both sexes.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.0005

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0003233

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