Campylobacter Infections in Norway: Trends and Risk Factors
Author Information
Author(s): Marianne Sandberg, Karin Nygård, Hege Meldal, Paul Steinar Valle, Hilde Kruse, Eystein Skjerve
Primary Institution: The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science
Hypothesis
Is the increase in incidence of campylobacteriosis in Norway from 1995 to 2001 statistically significant and what risk factors are associated with it?
Conclusion
The increase in incidence of Campylobacter infections in humans from 1995 to 2001 was statistically significant from 1998, and treated water was found to be a protective factor.
Supporting Evidence
- The reported incidence of campylobacteriosis reached a maximum of 2890 cases in 2001.
- Treated water was identified as a protective factor with an incidence rate ratio of 0.78.
- The study found no evidence of clustering of campylobacteriosis in any particular county.
Takeaway
More people got sick from Campylobacter in Norway between 1995 and 2001, especially after 1998, but drinking treated water helped keep people safe.
Methodology
A population average random effect Poisson model was used to analyze the incidence of campylobacteriosis and associated risk factors.
Potential Biases
There is a risk of bias due to the classification of cases based on the county of infection acquisition.
Limitations
The study faced challenges with underreporting of cases and difficulties in interpreting aggregated data at the county level.
Participant Demographics
56% of the domestically acquired cases were male, with a median age of 29 years.
Statistical Information
P-Value
0.016
Confidence Interval
0.630, 0.954
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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