HIV patients developing primary central nervous system lymphoma lack Epstein-Barr–specific CD4+ T cell function irrespective of absolute CD4+ T cell counts
2007

HIV Patients and EBV-Specific CD4+ T Cell Function in CNS Lymphoma

Sample size: 33 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Gasser Olivier, Bihl Florian K, Wolbers Marcel, Loggi Elisabetta, Steffen Ingrid, Hirsch Hans H, Günthard Huldrych F, Walker Bruce D, Brander Christian, Battegay Manuel, Hess Christoph

Primary Institution: University Hospital Basel

Hypothesis

Do CD4+ T Cell Functional Responses to Epstein-Barr Virus Provide Protective Immunity Against CNS Lymphoma in AIDS?

Conclusion

HIV-positive patients who developed PCNS lymphoma lacked EBV-specific CD4+ T cell function, regardless of their absolute CD4+ T cell counts.

Supporting Evidence

  • 0 out of 6 patients with PCNS lymphoma had an EBV-specific CD4+ T cell response.
  • 13 out of 16 matched controls had detectable EBV-specific CD4+ T cell responses.
  • PCNS lymphoma patients had similar CMV-specific CD4+ T cell responses compared to controls.

Takeaway

People with HIV who get a brain cancer called PCNS lymphoma don't have the special immune cells that help fight a virus called EBV, even if their overall immune cell count looks normal.

Methodology

A case-control study comparing EBV-specific CD4+ T cell function in HIV-positive patients with PCNS lymphoma to matched controls and HIV-negative donors.

Potential Biases

Potential selection bias due to the small number of cases identified.

Limitations

The study had a small sample size and was retrospective, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.

Participant Demographics

Six HIV-positive individuals with PCNS lymphoma and 16 matched HIV-positive controls, plus 11 HIV-negative blood donors.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.007

Confidence Interval

[0–0.40]

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pmed.0040096

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