Acute Effects of Ambient Particulate Matter on Mortality in Europe and North America: Results from the APHENA Study
2008

Effects of Air Pollution on Mortality in Europe and North America

Sample size: 124 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Samoli Evangelia, Peng Roger, Ramsay Tim, Pipikou Marina, Touloumi Giota, Dominici Francesca, Burnett Rick, Cohen Aaron, Krewski Daniel, Samet Jon, Katsouyanni Klea

Primary Institution: Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Athens Medical School

Hypothesis

What is the impact of particulate matter on daily mortality across different age groups in Europe and North America?

Conclusion

The study found that increased levels of PM10 are associated with higher mortality rates, particularly among older adults, with the strongest effects observed in Canada.

Supporting Evidence

  • Air pollution risk estimates were similar in Europe and the United States but higher in Canada.
  • An increase of 10 μg/m3 in PM10 was associated with a 0.84% increase in daily deaths in Canadian cities.
  • Older adults showed a higher mortality risk associated with PM10 exposure compared to younger individuals.
  • Effect modification patterns varied between Europe and the United States, particularly regarding other pollutants.

Takeaway

Breathing in dirty air can make people sick and even cause death, especially for older folks. This study looked at how air pollution affects people in different places.

Methodology

The study used Poisson regression models and meta-regression approaches to analyze time-series data from multiple cities.

Potential Biases

Potential biases due to differences in analytic methods and publication bias in previous studies.

Limitations

Data came from multiple countries with varying collection methods, which may introduce measurement errors.

Participant Demographics

The study included data from 124 cities across Europe, the United States, and Canada, focusing on all ages and specific age groups.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.2% to 0.84%

Confidence Interval

95% CI, 0.30–1.40%

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1289/ehp.11345

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