Wheat Products and Their Effects on Satiety
Author Information
Author(s): Joanna Hlebowicz, Sandra Lindstedt, Ola Björgell, Peter Höglund, Lars-Olof Almér, Gassan Darwiche
Primary Institution: Department of Medicine, University of Lund, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
Hypothesis
The gastric emptying rate could be involved in the benefits of acetic acid on blood glucose and satiety.
Conclusion
The study shows higher satiety after a whole-kernel wheat bread meal with vinegar, explained by increased antral distension.
Supporting Evidence
- The whole-kernel wheat bread with vinegar resulted in significantly higher satiety than the other bread types.
- Wheat fiber in wholemeal bread did not significantly affect blood glucose or gastric emptying rate compared to white bread.
- There was no correlation found between satiety and gastric emptying rate.
Takeaway
Eating whole-kernel wheat bread with vinegar makes you feel fuller than other types of bread.
Methodology
A blinded crossover trial with 15 healthy subjects, measuring gastric emptying rate, blood glucose, and satiety after consuming different wheat-based meals.
Limitations
The sample size was small and the effects of whole-kernel bread without vinegar were not investigated.
Participant Demographics
Thirteen healthy subjects (6 men and 7 women; mean age 25 ± 4 years; mean BMI 22.8 ± 3.07 kg/m2).
Statistical Information
P-Value
0.13
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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