Population Genetics of Schistosoma japonicum within the Philippines Suggest High Levels of Transmission between Humans and Dogs
2008

High Levels of Schistosoma japonicum Transmission between Humans and Dogs in the Philippines

Sample size: 1198 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Rudge James W., Carabin Hélène, Balolong Ernesto Jr, Tallo Veronica, Shrivastava Jaya, Lu Da-Bing, Basáñez María-Gloria, Olveda Remigio, McGarvey Stephen T., Webster Joanne P.

Primary Institution: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London

Hypothesis

What are the transmission patterns of Schistosoma japonicum across different host species in the Philippines?

Conclusion

The study suggests that there are very high levels of transmission of Schistosoma japonicum between dogs and humans in the Philippines.

Supporting Evidence

  • High prevalence of S. japonicum infection was found in dogs, with some villages reporting up to 86.3% infection rates.
  • Genetic analysis showed no significant differentiation between S. japonicum samples from humans and dogs.
  • Transmission dynamics suggest that dogs are a significant reservoir for human infections.

Takeaway

This study found that the parasite causing schistosomiasis can easily move between dogs and humans, which means controlling the disease might need to include treating dogs too.

Methodology

The study collected and genotyped S. japonicum samples from humans, dogs, pigs, and rats across two geographic areas in Samar Province, using microsatellite markers.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to the sampling method and the limited geographic areas studied.

Limitations

The study had limited sample sizes for some host species, particularly rats and pigs, which may affect the generalizability of the findings.

Participant Demographics

Samples were collected from humans and various animal species (dogs, pigs, rats) in Samar Province, Philippines.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.004

Confidence Interval

95% CI from bootstrapping: −0.002 to 0.014

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pntd.0000340

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