Serological Evidence of Discrete Spatial Clusters of Plasmodium falciparum Parasites Anti-PfEMP1 Antibodies Form Spatial Clusters
2011

Spatial Clusters of Malaria Antibodies in Kenya

Sample size: 450 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Bejon Philip, Turner Louise, Lavstsen Thomas, Cham Gerald, Olotu Ally, Drakeley Chris J., Lievens Marc, Vekemans Johan, Savarese Barbara, Lusingu John, von Seidlein Lorenz, Bull Peter C., Marsh Kevin, Theander Thor G.

Primary Institution: Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Programme, Coast, Kilifi, Kenya

Hypothesis

Are there discrete spatially limited sub-populations of Plasmodium falciparum parasites inferred from host serological responses?

Conclusion

Distinct spatial clusters of antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum exist in rural Kenya, indicating antigenically diverse sub-populations of parasites.

Supporting Evidence

  • 35 PfEMP1 domains showed strongly significant sero-clusters at p=0.001.
  • Individuals in high transmission hotspots had greater diversity of anti-PfEMP1 responses.
  • Antibody responses were measured at four time points among 450 children.

Takeaway

The study found that in Kenya, children living close together can have different responses to malaria, showing that there are different types of malaria parasites in small areas.

Methodology

Measured antibody responses to 46 PfEMP1 domains at four time points among 450 children in Kenya.

Potential Biases

Potential for spurious findings due to secondary analysis of data originally designed for a different purpose.

Limitations

The study's findings may not reflect local parasite populations due to testing based on specific isolates.

Participant Demographics

Children aged 5-17 months from rural areas in Kilifi, Kenya, and Korogwe, Tanzania.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p=0.001

Confidence Interval

95% CI 29.3–35.9

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0021711

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