Tobacco Products and Depression
Author Information
Author(s): Lee Bo Gyeong, Lee Haein, Kim Namhee
Primary Institution: College of Nursing, Daegu Catholic University
Hypothesis
This study aimed to determine associations between the use of combustible cigarettes and heated tobacco products with depressive symptoms.
Conclusion
All smokers have a higher risk of depression than non-smokers.
Supporting Evidence
- HTP-only users had the highest proportion of those with anhedonia and depressed mood.
- CC-only users had the highest proportion of individuals with trouble sleeping.
- Dual users had a higher proportion of those with fatigue and appetite problems.
- Compared to non-users, CC-only users were more likely to have mild and moderate to severe depressive symptoms.
Takeaway
Using tobacco products like cigarettes and heated tobacco can make people feel sad and depressed.
Methodology
This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study analyzed data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Potential Biases
Potential bias due to reliance on self-reported data and retrospective classification of tobacco use.
Limitations
The study is cross-sectional, limiting causal inferences, and it used secondary data which did not include actual smoking amounts.
Participant Demographics
Participants were 5,349 adults aged 19 years or older, with a majority being non-users of tobacco products.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.001
Confidence Interval
95% CI = 1.13–1.79 for mild depressive symptoms; 95% CI = 1.57–2.92 for moderate to severe depressive symptoms.
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Want to read the original?
Access the complete publication on the publisher's website