Measuring Nepotism through Shared Last Names: The Case of Italian Academia
2011

Measuring Nepotism in Italian Academia

Sample size: 61340 publication Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Stefano Allesina

Primary Institution: University of Chicago

Hypothesis

Can standard statistical techniques based on shared last names among professors detect nepotism in Italian academia?

Conclusion

Nepotism is prevalent in Italian academia, particularly in certain disciplines and regions.

Supporting Evidence

  • 9 out of 28 disciplines showed a significant lack of last names, indicating high nepotism.
  • More than half of Italian professors work in disciplines with a high likelihood of nepotism.
  • A clear north-south trend in nepotism likelihood was observed, increasing with latitude.

Takeaway

This study shows that many professors in Italy share last names, which suggests that they might be related, indicating nepotism in hiring practices.

Methodology

The study analyzed the last names of 61,340 Italian professors to assess the likelihood of nepotism using statistical models and Monte Carlo simulations.

Potential Biases

The study's reliance on last names may not accurately reflect all nepotistic relationships.

Limitations

The analysis may underestimate nepotism as it does not account for mother-child relationships and other familial connections.

Participant Demographics

The dataset included 61,340 tenured academics in Italy, with 34.33% being women.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.05

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0021160

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