Activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam and comparators against gram-negative bacilli: Results from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART – Brazil), 2018‒2021
2024

Effectiveness of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Against Gram-Negative Infections in Brazil

Sample size: 3994 publication Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Bittencourt Amanda Azevedo, Faustino Vinicius Lima, Batista Paula de Mendonça, Leonel Lays Paulino, de Paula Marina Della Negra, Polis Thales José

Primary Institution: Global Medical & Scientific Affairs (GMSA), MSD Brazil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Hypothesis

The study aims to investigate the in vitro activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam against gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients in Brazil during the years 2018-2021.

Conclusion

Ceftolozane/tazobactam shows significant in vitro activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, but limited effectiveness against K. pneumoniae due to resistance mechanisms.

Supporting Evidence

  • Ceftolozane/tazobactam was highly active against E. coli isolates with 96.0% susceptibility in 2018-2019 and 98.5% in 2020-2021.
  • Among K. pneumoniae, ceftolozane/tazobactam showed poor activity with only 47.6% and 43.0% susceptibility during the two periods.
  • Colistin and ceftolozane/tazobactam were the most active agents against P. aeruginosa, with susceptibility rates of 99.3% and 88.8% in 2018-2019 and 100% and 92.8% in 2020-2021, respectively.

Takeaway

This study found that a new antibiotic, ceftolozane/tazobactam, works really well against certain bad germs in Brazil, especially after the pandemic.

Methodology

The study involved collecting non-duplicate gram-negative bacilli isolates from ten medical sites across six Brazilian cities and performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing and molecular characterization of β-lactamase encoding genes.

Limitations

The study could not determine if any of the ESBLs were also CRE isolates, which may affect susceptibility results.

Participant Demographics

More than half of the isolates were from male patients (54.8%), with 71.6% aged 50 and above.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1016/j.bjid.2024.104497

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