Paternal Smoking and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
2011

Paternal Smoking and Childhood Leukemia Risk

Sample size: 18 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Ruiling Liu, Luoping Zhang, Cliona M. McHale, S. Katharine Hammond

Primary Institution: University of California, Berkeley

Hypothesis

Is there an association between paternal smoking and the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)?

Conclusion

The evidence supports a positive association between childhood ALL and paternal ever smoking and at each exposure time period examined.

Supporting Evidence

  • The summary odds ratio of childhood ALL associated with paternal smoking was 1.11.
  • Paternal smoking preconception was associated with a summary odds ratio of 1.25.
  • Paternal smoking during pregnancy had a summary odds ratio of 1.24.

Takeaway

Dads who smoke might make their kids more likely to get a type of cancer called leukemia.

Methodology

The study performed a meta-analysis of 18 published epidemiologic studies that reported data on paternal smoking and childhood ALL risk.

Potential Biases

There is a potential for publication bias as studies with significant results may be more likely to be published.

Limitations

The studies included had varying definitions of exposure and potential confounding factors were not always adjusted for.

Participant Demographics

The studies included cases of childhood leukemia diagnosed in various countries, with ages ranging from 0 to 18 years.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.05

Confidence Interval

95% CI: 1.05–1.18

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1155/2011/854584

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