Opposing effects of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on mammary carcinogenesis: The Singapore Chinese Health Study
2003

Dietary Fatty Acids and Breast Cancer Risk

Sample size: 63257 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Gago-Dominguez M, Yuan J-M, Sun C-L, Lee H-P, Yu M C

Primary Institution: USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California

Hypothesis

What are the opposing effects of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on breast cancer risk?

Conclusion

High levels of dietary marine n-3 fatty acids are significantly associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer.

Supporting Evidence

  • High levels of dietary marine n-3 fatty acids were associated with a 26% reduction in breast cancer risk.
  • Consumption of n-6 fatty acids was linked to increased risk among those with low marine n-3 intake.
  • 99.7% of women in the study reported consuming seafood.
  • Breast cancer incidence in Singapore Chinese has doubled from the 1970s to the 1990s.
  • Marine n-3 fatty acids inhibit mammary tumors in experimental models.

Takeaway

Eating fish can help lower the risk of breast cancer, while some other fats might increase it.

Methodology

The study used a prospective cohort design with dietary assessments and cancer case ascertainment through national registries.

Potential Biases

Potential recall bias was minimized by assessing dietary intake before cancer diagnosis.

Limitations

The study may not account for all dietary factors that could influence breast cancer risk.

Participant Demographics

Participants were Singapore Chinese, aged 45-74, primarily Hokkien and Cantonese dialect speakers.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.04

Confidence Interval

95% CI=0.58, 0.94

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1038/sj.bjc.6601340

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