Dengue virus IgG and neutralizing antibody titers measured with standard and mature viruses are protective
2025

Dengue Virus Antibodies and Protection

Sample size: 1206 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Odio Camila D., Daag Jedas Veronica, Crisostomo Maria Vinna, Voirin Charlie J., Coello Escoto Ana, Adams Cameron, Dahora Hein Lindsay, Aogo Rosemary A., Mpingabo Patrick I., Raimundi Rodriguez Guillermo, Firdous Saba, Abad Fernandez Maria, White Laura J., Agrupis Kristal An, Deen Jacqueline, de Silva Aravinda M., Ylade Michelle, Katzelnick Leah C.

Primary Institution: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

Hypothesis

How do IgG and neutralizing antibody titers relate to protection against dengue virus?

Conclusion

Neutralizing antibodies measured with mature dengue viruses are more strongly associated with protection against dengue than those measured with standard viruses.

Supporting Evidence

  • ELISA IgG≥3 was associated with reduced dengue probability relative to naïve children (3% vs. 10%, p=0.007).
  • Standard virus PRNT geometric mean titers (GMT) >200 were associated with reduced dengue disease overall (p<0.01).
  • High DENV2 and DENV3 titers against either standard or mature viruses protected against the matched serotype (p<0.01).
  • Only 2% of cases had mature virus PRNT titers >100 (p<0.001).

Takeaway

This study shows that having the right kind of antibodies can help protect kids from getting sick with dengue.

Methodology

The study followed healthy children in Cebu, Philippines, measuring various antibody levels and their association with dengue risk over five years.

Potential Biases

Potential confounding variables due to the observational design.

Limitations

The study was observational and non-randomized, which may limit generalizability.

Participant Demographics

Children aged 9-14 years from Cebu, Philippines.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.007

Confidence Interval

95% CI: 5-20

Statistical Significance

p<0.01

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1038/s41467-024-53916-9

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