The Plant Pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato Is Genetically Monomorphic and under Strong Selection to Evade Tomato Immunity
2011

Genetic Study of the Plant Pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato

Sample size: 89 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Cai Rongman, Lewis James, Yan Shuangchun, Liu Haijie, Clarke Christopher R., Campanile Francesco, Almeida Nalvo F., Studholme David J., Lindeberg Magdalen, Schneider David, Zaccardelli Massimo, Setubal Joao C., Morales-Lizcano Nadia P., Bernal Adriana, Coaker Gitta, Baker Christy, Bender Carol L., Leman Scotland, Vinatzer Boris A.

Primary Institution: Virginia Tech

Hypothesis

How has the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato pathogen evolved and adapted to evade tomato immunity?

Conclusion

The study reveals that Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato is genetically monomorphic and has undergone strong selection to evade tomato immunity.

Supporting Evidence

  • Only 267 mutations were identified between five sequenced isolates.
  • Several genotypes exist in North America and Europe indicating frequent pathogen movement.
  • A mutational hotspot was found in the hopM1 gene suggesting strong selection for loss of function.
  • The ancestral allele of a MAMP induces a stronger immune response than derived alleles.
  • Genetic analysis suggests T1-like populations have replaced each other repeatedly over the last 50 years.

Takeaway

Scientists studied a plant germ that makes tomatoes sick and found that it has changed a lot to avoid being caught by the plant's defenses.

Methodology

The study involved genome sequencing of multiple isolates and SNP analysis to understand the pathogen's evolution.

Potential Biases

Potential bias in the selection of isolates and geographic representation.

Limitations

The study is limited by the number of isolates analyzed and the lack of a determined mutation rate for plant-associated bacteria.

Participant Demographics

Isolates collected from various regions including North America and Europe.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.05

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.ppat.1002130

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