Death or Survival from Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Scotland
Author Information
Author(s): Donald Inverarity, Karen Lamb, Mathew Diggle, Chris Robertson, David Greenhalgh, Tim J. Mitchell, Andrew Smith, Johanna M. C. Jefferies, Stuart C. Clarke, Jim McMenamin, Giles F. S. Edwards
Primary Institution: University of Glasgow
Hypothesis
Is there an association between death from invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and specific serogroups and sequence types (STs)?
Conclusion
There is a stronger association between a fatal outcome and pneumococcal capsular serogroup than with multilocus sequence type.
Supporting Evidence
- 833 patients died within 30 days of culture of Streptococcus pneumoniae from blood or CSF.
- Serogroup 3 had the highest proportion of deaths from IPD within 30 days at 24%.
- Serogroup 1 had the lowest rate of fatality within 30 days at only 5%.
- Age over 75 had the highest death rates associated with IPD.
- Case fatality rates decreased from 24% in 1992 to 12% in 2006.
Takeaway
This study looked at how different types of bacteria that cause pneumonia affect the chances of dying from the disease. It found that some types are more dangerous than others.
Methodology
The study analyzed data from patients with IPD referred to a reference laboratory and matched it with death certification records over a 15-year period.
Potential Biases
The retrospective nature of the study and lack of access to patient clinical data may introduce bias.
Limitations
The study could not access clinical notes or data on antibiotic prescribing, which may influence outcomes.
Participant Demographics
Of the 5959 patients, 50.60% were male and 48.88% were female, with ages ranging from 0 to 99 years.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.001
Confidence Interval
(13.10, 14.80)
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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