Grand Rounds: Outbreak of Hematologic Abnormalities in a Community of People Exposed to Leakage of Fire Extinguisher Gas
2006

Hematologic Abnormalities from Fire Extinguisher Gas Exposure

Sample size: 117 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Lo Shih-Hsiang, Chan Chang-Chuan, Chen Wei-Chin, Wang Jung-Der

Primary Institution: National Taiwan University

Hypothesis

What are the hematologic effects of exposure to mixed fire extinguishants containing bromotrifluoromethane, bromochlorodifluoromethane, and dichlorodifluoromethane?

Conclusion

The study found that residents exposed to fire extinguisher gas experienced a significant reduction in red blood cells and hemoglobin, which improved over nine months.

Supporting Evidence

  • 91 of the exposed residents returned for follow-up examinations nine months later.
  • Significant improvements in red blood cell counts and hemoglobin levels were observed.
  • The study ruled out other potential causes of anemia such as iron-deficiency anemia and thalassemia.

Takeaway

Some people got sick after breathing in gas from fire extinguishers, but they got better after a while.

Methodology

The study involved physical examinations and blood tests of 117 exposed residents and matched controls, with follow-up examinations nine months later.

Potential Biases

Potential selection bias due to the response rate of 66% for the questionnaire.

Limitations

The study did not determine if the anemia was hemolytic or caused by marrow injury at the time of first occurrence.

Participant Demographics

Residents from Taipei, Taiwan, aged 15 years and older.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1289/ehp.9197

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