Energy Gap in Overweight Children
Author Information
Author(s): Saskia W. van den Berg, Jolanda M.A. Boer, Salome Scholtens, Johan C. de Jongste, Bert Brunekreef, Henriette A. Smit, Alet H. Wijga
Primary Institution: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
Hypothesis
The study aims to quantify the positive energy balance responsible for excess body weight gain in young overweight children.
Conclusion
An energy gap of about 289-320 kJ per day can lead to overweight in young children, and small behavior changes can help close this gap.
Supporting Evidence
- 10% of children were overweight at ages 5-7.
- Median weight gain for overweight children was 13.3 kg over 4 years.
- A daily energy gap of 289-320 kJ was linked to excess weight gain.
- Closing the energy gap can be achieved with small behavior changes.
Takeaway
If kids eat just a little more than they burn off, they can gain weight. Even small changes, like drinking one less sugary drink a day, can help them stay healthy.
Methodology
The study used reported data on weight and height from 2190 children in the PIAMA birth cohort, calculating the energy gap based on weight gain between ages 2 and 5-7.
Potential Biases
Parents of overweight children may underreport their child's weight, leading to potential underestimation of the energy gap.
Limitations
Missing BMI data and reliance on parental reports may have led to underestimations of overweight prevalence.
Participant Demographics
The study included Dutch children, with 97% having a Western ethnic background.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.0001
Statistical Significance
p<0.0001
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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