Long-term impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine among children <5 years, Uganda, 2014–2021.
2025

Impact of Pneumococcal Vaccine on Pneumonia in Uganda

Sample size: 667122 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Wanyana Mercy Wendy, Migisha Richard, King Patrick, Bulage Lilian, Kwesiga Benon, Kadobera Daniel, Ario Alex Riolexus, Harris Julie R.

Primary Institution: Uganda National Institute of Public Health

Hypothesis

What is the long-term impact of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumonia admissions and deaths among children under 5 years in Uganda?

Conclusion

The introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Uganda has led to significant declines in pneumonia admissions and mortality rates among children under 5 years.

Supporting Evidence

  • From 2014 to 2021, pneumonia admissions among children under 5 years declined from 31% to 15%.
  • Pneumonia mortality rates decreased from 24 to 14 deaths per 100,000 children under 5 years.
  • The overall case-fatality rate for pneumonia in children under 5 years dropped from 0.57% to 0.24%.

Takeaway

This study shows that giving a special vaccine to young children in Uganda has helped reduce the number of kids getting very sick from pneumonia and dying from it.

Methodology

The study analyzed secondary data on pneumonia admissions and deaths from the District Health Information System from 2014 to 2021.

Potential Biases

Potential underestimation of pneumonia mortality due to reliance on inpatient data.

Limitations

The study relied on aggregated secondary data, which may not capture all pneumonia cases and deaths, and lacked data before the vaccine's introduction for comparison.

Participant Demographics

Children under 5 years in Uganda.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.019

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pgph.0002980

Want to read the original?

Access the complete publication on the publisher's website

View Original Publication