Reducing Occurrence and Severity of Pneumonia Due to Pandemic H1N1 2009 by Early Oseltamivir Administration: A Retrospective Study in Mexico
2011

Early Oseltamivir Treatment Reduces Pneumonia Severity in H1N1 Patients

Sample size: 442 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Higuera Iglesias Anjarath Lorena, Kudo Koichiro, Manabe Toshie, Corcho Berdugo Alexander Enrique, Baeza Ariel Corrales, Ramos Leticia Alfaro, Gutiérrez René Guevara, Manjarrez Zavala María Eugenia, Takasaki Jin, Izumi Shinyu, Bautista Edgar, Perez Padilla José Rogelio

Primary Institution: National Institute for Respiratory Disease, Mexico City, Mexico

Hypothesis

How does the timing of oseltamivir administration after symptom onset affect the severity of pneumonia due to pandemic H1N1 2009?

Conclusion

Earlier initiation of oseltamivir administration significantly reduced the occurrence and severity of pneumonia and shortened hospitalization for patients with pandemic H1N1 2009.

Supporting Evidence

  • Patients with shorter time to oseltamivir administration had lower rates of severe pneumonia.
  • The probability of pneumonia occurrence increased with the delay in oseltamivir treatment.
  • Earlier treatment led to shorter hospital stays.

Takeaway

Giving medicine called oseltamivir quickly after getting sick with H1N1 can help people not get as sick and leave the hospital sooner.

Methodology

A retrospective medical chart review of 442 patients with confirmed H1N1 pneumonia was conducted, analyzing the impact of time to oseltamivir administration on pneumonia severity.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to only including patients who received oseltamivir, which may not represent the general population with H1N1.

Limitations

The study was retrospective, lacked clear criteria for oseltamivir administration, and excluded patients not treated with oseltamivir.

Participant Demographics

Median age was 36 years, with 193 females and 249 males; 90.3% earned less than $15 US per day.

Statistical Information

P-Value

<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0021838

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