HIV-1 Group O Virus Identified for the First Time in the United States
1996

First Identification of HIV-1 Group O Virus in the United States

Sample size: 1 publication Evidence: low

Author Information

Author(s): M. A. Rayfield, P. Sullivan, C. I. Bandea, L. Britvan, R. A. Otten, C. P. Pau, D. Pieniazek, S. Subbarao, P. Simon, C. A. Schable, A. C. Wright, J. Ward, G. Schochetman

Primary Institution: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Hypothesis

Is there a presence of HIV-1 Group O strains in the United States?

Conclusion

The study reports the first documented case of HIV-1 Group O infection in the United States, highlighting the need for improved HIV screening methods.

Supporting Evidence

  • The patient had a 2-year clinical history of lymphadenopathy and progressive CD4 lymphocyte loss.
  • Multiple testing methods yielded inconclusive results until the Group O-specific tests were performed.
  • The virus was isolated from the patient's cells, confirming the presence of a Group O variant.

Takeaway

A woman in the U.S. was found to have a rare type of HIV that is usually found in Africa, showing that different kinds of HIV can appear in new places.

Methodology

The case was identified through the CDC sentinel surveillance program, involving various HIV testing methods including EIA and PCR.

Limitations

The study is based on a single case, limiting the generalizability of the findings.

Participant Demographics

The participant was a West-Central African woman residing in the United States.

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