Following the Water: A Controlled Study of Drinking Water Storage in Northern Coastal Ecuador
2008

Water Quality and Contamination in Ecuador

Sample size: 105 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Karen Levy, Kara L. Nelson, Alan Hubbard, Joseph N.S. Eisenberg

Primary Institution: University of California, Berkeley

Hypothesis

How do initial source water conditions and household factors affect household water quality and contamination over time?

Conclusion

Water quality improved after being transferred to household storage but declined due to recontamination.

Supporting Evidence

  • Water quality improved after transfer to storage containers.
  • Recontamination occurred in approximately half of the households.
  • Natural attenuation of bacteria was observed in controlled conditions.

Takeaway

When people store water at home, it can get dirty again, even if it started out clean.

Methodology

We sampled source waters and followed them over time, comparing contamination levels in household and controlled storage.

Potential Biases

Potential bias from self-reported data on water sources.

Limitations

The study was limited to specific villages and may not represent all rural areas.

Participant Demographics

Households from five villages in northern coastal Ecuador.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.0001

Confidence Interval

95% CI, 24.0–89.8

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1289/ehp.11296

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