Zoonotic Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in Developing Countries
Author Information
Author(s): O. Cosivi, J.M. Grange, C.J. Daborn, M.C. Raviglione, T. Fujikura, D. Cousins, R.A. Robinson, H.F.A.K. Huchzermeyer, I. de Kantor, F.-X. Meslin
Primary Institution: World Health Organization
Hypothesis
The epidemic of HIV infection in developing countries could make zoonotic TB a serious public health threat to persons at risk.
Conclusion
Zoonotic tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis is a significant public health concern in developing countries, particularly where control measures are inadequate.
Supporting Evidence
- Zoonotic TB is present in animals in most developing countries.
- Close contact between humans and infected animals increases the risk of transmission.
- Consumption of unpasteurized milk is a major transmission route for zoonotic TB.
- HIV infection significantly increases the risk of progression to active TB disease.
Takeaway
Some people can get tuberculosis from cows, especially in places where milk isn't properly treated. This is a big problem in many countries.
Methodology
The publication reviews epidemiologic information on TB and zoonotic TB, examines risk factors, and describes WHO activities.
Potential Biases
Potential underreporting of TB cases due to difficulties in diagnosis and surveillance.
Limitations
Limited data on the incidence of zoonotic TB in developing countries and inadequate control measures.
Participant Demographics
The majority of affected individuals are in developing countries, particularly among agricultural workers and those with HIV.
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