Changing Patterns of Malaria Epidemiology in Western Kenya (2002-2010)
Author Information
Author(s): Zhou Guofa, Afrane Yaw A., Vardo-Zalik Anne M., Atieli Harrysone, Zhong Daibin, Wamae Peter, Himeidan Yousif E., Minakawa Noboru, Githeko Andrew K., Yan Guiyun
Primary Institution: University of California Irvine
Hypothesis
What are the impacts of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) on malaria transmission in Western Kenya?
Conclusion
Despite high ownership of ITNs, malaria parasite prevalence and vector populations have resurged in two out of three sentinel sites in Western Kenya.
Supporting Evidence
- Malaria parasite prevalence rates were 47.1%, 28.4%, and 6.2% in Kombewa, Iguhu, and Marani, respectively.
- ITN ownership was at 50-70% in 2009, but effective coverage was much lower.
- Vector populations increased significantly after 2007 despite high ITN ownership.
Takeaway
The study shows that even though many people have bed nets to protect against malaria, the number of malaria cases is going back up because the nets might not be working as well anymore.
Methodology
Monthly surveys were conducted in three sentinel sites to assess malaria parasite prevalence and vector abundance from 2002 to 2010.
Potential Biases
Potential biases in self-reported ITN usage and the reliance on health facility data for malaria incidence.
Limitations
The study may not account for all factors affecting malaria transmission, such as climate variations and human behavior.
Participant Demographics
Asymptomatic school children aged 6-13 years were primarily surveyed.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.0001
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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