Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer in Upper Egypt: Risk Factors and Characteristics
Author Information
Author(s): Zarzour Ali H, Selim Mohie, Abd-Elsayed Alaa A, Hameed Diaa A, AbdelAziz Mohammad A
Primary Institution: Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Hypothesis
What are the risk factors and characteristics of muscle invasive bladder cancer in Upper Egypt?
Conclusion
MIBC in Upper Egypt is usually of the SCC type, occurs at a younger age, and presents with burning micturition rather than hematuria.
Supporting Evidence
- Positive family history was found in 13.8% of cases.
- Exposure to pesticides was reported in 82.3% of patients.
- 73.8% of cases presented with burning micturition.
- 67.6% of cases were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma.
Takeaway
This study found that bladder cancer in Upper Egypt is often caused by family history and exposure to pesticides, rather than the commonly believed causes like bilharziasis.
Methodology
Analytical, hospital-based, case-controlled study comparing MIBC cases with matched controls for risk factors.
Potential Biases
Potential bias in self-reported data from interviews.
Limitations
The study may not represent all populations in Egypt due to its specific regional focus.
Participant Demographics
Mean age of patients was 58.34 years, with 83.8% male and 93.8% from rural areas.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.001
Confidence Interval
CI = 2.1–28.4
Statistical Significance
p<0.001
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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