Risk for Transfusion-Transmitted Infectious Diseases in Central and South America
1998

Risk of Infectious Diseases from Blood Transfusions in Central and South America

Sample size: 12 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Gabriel A. Schmunis, Fabio Zicker, Francisco Pinheiro, David Brandling-Bennett

Primary Institution: Pan American Health Organization

Hypothesis

What is the risk of acquiring infectious diseases through blood transfusions in Central and South America?

Conclusion

The study estimates significant risks of transfusion-transmitted infections in several Central and South American countries, highlighting the need for improved screening practices.

Supporting Evidence

  • Nine out of twelve countries screened all donors for HIV, but none screened all donors for hepatitis C virus.
  • The highest risk for transfusion-transmitted infections was found in Bolivia, with 233 infections per 10,000 transfusions.
  • Screening for T. cruzi is now mandatory in Colombia, and screening rates have improved in several countries since 1993.

Takeaway

In some countries in Central and South America, getting a blood transfusion can make you sick because the blood might have germs in it. We need to check the blood better to keep people safe.

Methodology

The study analyzed blood donor screening data from 12 countries in Central and South America, focusing on the prevalence of infectious diseases and screening practices.

Potential Biases

There may be overestimation of risks due to the assumption that all infections are transmitted through transfusions, and some cases may already be infected prior to transfusion.

Limitations

The study relies on public health data, which may be incomplete or inaccurate, and does not account for all potential infections due to the window period of tests.

Participant Demographics

Data were collected from blood donors in 12 countries, with varying screening practices and prevalence rates for different infectious diseases.

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