Malaria Prevalence and Risk Factors in Children in Southern Rwanda
Author Information
Author(s): Gahutu Jean-Bosco, Steininger Christian, Shyirambere Cyprien, Zeile Irene, Cwinya-Ay Neniling, Danquah Ina, Larsen Christoph H, Eggelte Teunis A, Uwimana Aline, Karema Corine, Musemakweri Andre, Harms Gundel, Mockenhaupt Frank P
Primary Institution: Butare University Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Rwanda
Hypothesis
What are the prevalence and risk factors of malaria among children under five years of age in southern highland Rwanda?
Conclusion
One out of six children under five years of age in the highlands surrounding Butare, Rwanda, is infected with Plasmodium falciparum, with many infections being asymptomatic.
Supporting Evidence
- Plasmodium falciparum infection was identified in 11.7% of children by microscopy and 16.7% by PCR.
- 5.5% of the children had malaria.
- 82% of children with parasitaemia showed signs of anaemia.
- Independent predictors of infection included increasing age and low mid-upper arm circumference.
Takeaway
In southern Rwanda, many young children have malaria, but they often don't show any symptoms. This means they can still spread the disease.
Methodology
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with clinical, parasitological, haematological, and socio-economic data collected from children under five years of age.
Potential Biases
Potential selection bias due to preferential presentation of sick children during recruitment.
Limitations
The study's cross-sectional nature does not account for seasonal fluctuations in malaria prevalence.
Participant Demographics
Children under five years of age from rural communities and health facilities in the Butare area.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.05
Confidence Interval
95% CI not specified
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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