Acute Schistosoma mansoni Infection Increases Susceptibility to Systemic SHIV Clade C Infection in Rhesus Macaques after Mucosal Virus Exposure
2008

Schistosoma mansoni Infection Increases Susceptibility to HIV in Rhesus Macaques

Sample size: 17 publication Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Chenine Agnès-Laurence, Shai-Kobiler Ela, Steele Lisa N., Ong Helena, Augostini Peter, Song Ruijiang, Lee Sandra J., Autissier Patrick, Ruprecht Ruth M., Secor W. Evan

Primary Institution: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Hypothesis

Does infection with Schistosoma mansoni increase susceptibility to HIV-1 infection?

Conclusion

Acute schistosomiasis significantly increases the risk of acquiring HIV-1, suggesting that controlling helminth infections could help reduce HIV transmission.

Supporting Evidence

  • Parasitized monkeys required 17-fold lower doses of virus to become infected compared to normal monkeys.
  • Coinfected animals had significantly higher peak viral RNA loads than controls.
  • Acute schistosomiasis was shown to increase the risk of HIV acquisition.

Takeaway

Monkeys infected with a type of worm needed much less virus to get HIV, showing that these worms can make it easier to catch the virus.

Methodology

Rhesus macaques were divided into two groups, one infected with Schistosoma mansoni and the other not, and both groups were exposed to SHIV-C to measure infection rates and viral loads.

Limitations

The study only models the acute phase of schistosomiasis and does not assess chronic infection effects on HIV susceptibility.

Participant Demographics

Chinese-origin adult female rhesus macaques.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Confidence Interval

95% CI, 4×10−4 to 5×10−3

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pntd.0000265

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