Minor HIV-1 Variants with the K103N Resistance Mutation during Intermittent Efavirenz-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy and Virological Failure
2011

Impact of Minor K103N HIV-1 Variants during Antiretroviral Therapy

Sample size: 21 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Delobel Pierre, Saliou Adrien, Nicot Florence, Dubois Martine, Trancart Stéphanie, Tangre Philippe, Aboulker Jean-Pierre, Taburet Anne-Marie, Molina Jean-Michel, Massip Patrice, Marchou Bruno, Izopet Jacques, ANRS 106-Window Study Team

Primary Institution: Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France

Hypothesis

The study evaluates the importance of detecting minor populations of viruses resistant to NNRTIs during intermittent antiretroviral therapy.

Conclusion

Ultrasensitive methods can detect minor K103N HIV-1 variants that may predict treatment failure, but their presence does not always lead to virological escape.

Supporting Evidence

  • Allele-specific real-time PCR detected K103N mutants in 15 of the 19 analyzable patients.
  • The frequency of K103N mutants was <0.1% in 7 patients without further selection.
  • The half-life of efavirenz was higher in patients with K103N emergence than in those without.
  • Treatment failure occurred in 3 of the 8 patients with >0.1% K103N mutants.

Takeaway

This study looked at how tiny amounts of a specific HIV mutation can affect treatment. Sometimes, even if the mutation is there, it doesn't always mean the treatment will fail.

Methodology

A longitudinal study using allele-specific real-time PCR and ultra-deep pyrosequencing to detect K103N mutants in plasma samples from patients.

Potential Biases

Potential biases in patient selection and the retrospective nature of the analysis.

Limitations

The small sample size limits the generalizability of the findings.

Participant Demographics

21 HIV-1 infected patients (15 men, 6 women) with a median age of 38.6 years.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.0001

Confidence Interval

[28.7–75.3]

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0021655

Want to read the original?

Access the complete publication on the publisher's website

View Original Publication