Effectiveness and safety of tenofovir gel, an antiretroviral microbicide, for the prevention of HIV infection in women
2010

Microbicides and Their Role in HIV Prevention

Sample size: 889 publication Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Salim S. Abdool Karim, Cheryl Baxter

Primary Institution: Centre for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa - CAPRISA, University of KwaZulu-Natal

Hypothesis

Can tenofovir gel effectively prevent HIV infection in women?

Conclusion

The CAPRISA 004 trial demonstrated that tenofovir gel can significantly reduce the risk of HIV infection in women.

Supporting Evidence

  • Tenofovir gel reduced HIV acquisition by an estimated 39 percent overall.
  • In high adherers, HIV incidence was 54 percent lower.
  • Tenofovir gel was shown to be 51 percent effective in preventing Herpes simplex type 2 virus.

Takeaway

This study found that a special gel can help women avoid getting HIV when they have sex.

Methodology

A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of a 1% vaginal gel formulation of tenofovir.

Limitations

Further studies are needed to confirm the findings and assess long-term effectiveness.

Participant Demographics

Rural and urban South African women aged 18 to 40 who were sexually active and HIV-negative.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.017

Statistical Significance

p=0.017

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1126/science.1185008

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