Gingival Fluid Biomarkers and Gingival Enlargement in Orthodontic Patients
Author Information
Author(s): Muacevic Alexander, Adler John R, Debnath Puja, Bangi Sayeeda Laeque, Hussain Mohammed Feroze, Rafiq Shabir, Tousifulla Syed, Abdu Mufeed, Gupta Seema
Primary Institution: Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre
Hypothesis
The study aims to evaluate the concentrations of biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid of individuals receiving fixed orthodontic treatment and assess predictors for gingival enlargement.
Conclusion
Gingival enlargement in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment is significantly associated with increased gingival and periodontal indices due to poor oral hygiene, leading to higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers.
Supporting Evidence
- Gingival enlargement was observed in 22 (19.81%) of the 111 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.
- GI and PI were strong predictors of gingival enlargement, while biomarkers were weak predictors.
- Patients with poor oral hygiene showed significant increases in inflammatory biomarkers during orthodontic treatment.
Takeaway
This study found that when people get braces, their gums can swell up because of inflammation, especially if they don't keep their mouths clean.
Methodology
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 129 patients divided into three groups: controls, patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment without gingival enlargement, and patients with gingival enlargement, with biomarker levels assessed at baseline and after one year.
Potential Biases
The sample size was disproportionate across groups, which may affect the reliability of the findings.
Limitations
The study's cross-sectional design limits causal inference, and it did not conduct microbial analysis or quantify dental plaque.
Participant Demographics
Participants were aged 18-30 years, with a mix of genders, and included systemically and periodontally healthy individuals.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.05
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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