Neanderthal Use of Fish, Mammals, Birds, Starchy Plants and Wood 125-250,000 Years Ago
2011

Neanderthal Diet: Evidence of Varied Food Sources

Sample size: 182 publication Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Hardy Bruce L., Moncel Marie-Hélène

Primary Institution: Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio, United States of America

Hypothesis

Did Neanderthals have a broader diet than previously thought, including fish, birds, and plants?

Conclusion

The study provides evidence that Neanderthals had a varied diet that included starchy plants, birds, and fish, challenging the notion that they primarily relied on large game.

Supporting Evidence

  • Evidence from lithic residue and use-wear analyses indicates processing of a variety of materials.
  • Neanderthals at Payre exploited starchy plants, birds, and fish in addition to large herbivores.
  • Findings suggest that Neanderthal diets were more diverse than previously recognized.

Takeaway

Neanderthals ate a lot more than just big animals; they also ate fish, birds, and plants, showing they were good at finding different kinds of food.

Methodology

The study involved lithic residue and use-wear analyses of 182 stone artifacts to identify the types of materials processed.

Potential Biases

The traditional focus on large game hunting may bias interpretations of Neanderthal diets, overlooking evidence of smaller prey and plant consumption.

Limitations

The study's findings may be limited by the preservation conditions of fish and bird remains, which are often fragile and may not be well-represented in the archaeological record.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0023768

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