Maturation-Induced Cloaking of Neutralization Epitopes on HIV-1 Particles
2011

HIV-1 Maturation Controls Env Conformation

Sample size: 4 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Joyner Amanda S., Willis Jordan R., Crowe James E. Jr., Aiken Christopher

Primary Institution: Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Hypothesis

The conformation of Env on the viral surface is regulated allosterically by interactions with the HIV-1 core during particle maturation.

Conclusion

Maturation of HIV-1 particles alters the exposure of neutralization-sensitive epitopes, which may contribute to immune evasion.

Supporting Evidence

  • Immature HIV-1 particles showed enhanced binding of several gp41-specific antibodies.
  • Truncation of the gp41 cytoplasmic tail abolished differences in epitope exposure.
  • MPER-specific antibodies exhibited enhanced binding to immature HIV-1 particles.

Takeaway

HIV-1 changes its shape as it matures, hiding some parts from the immune system, which makes it harder for our bodies to fight it off.

Methodology

The study used immunofluorescence imaging to quantify antibody binding to mature and immature HIV-1 particles.

Limitations

The study primarily analyzed a laboratory-adapted HIV-1 clone, which may not fully represent primary HIV-1 isolates.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.05

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.ppat.1002234

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