Direct and indirect effects of retinoic acid on human Th2 cytokine and chemokine expression by human T lymphocytes
2006

Effects of Retinoic Acid on Human T Cell Cytokine Production

Sample size: 20 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Dawson Harry D, Collins Gary, Pyle Robert, Key Michael, Weeraratna Ashani, Deep-Dixit Vishwa, Nadal Celeste N, Taub Dennis D

Primary Institution: United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA; National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA

Hypothesis

Retinoids can induce Th2 cytokine responses in human T cell cultures.

Conclusion

Retinoids like ATRA and 9-cis-RA promote Th2 cytokine responses while inhibiting Th1 responses in human T cells.

Supporting Evidence

  • ATRA and 9-cis-RA increased IL-4 and IL-5 levels in T cells.
  • IFN-γ levels were significantly decreased with retinoid treatment.
  • Changes in cytokine production were dose-dependent.
  • Retinoids modulated the expression of several inflammatory cytokines.

Takeaway

This study shows that certain vitamins can help our immune system fight off allergies and other problems by changing how our immune cells work.

Methodology

Human PBMCs were stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb in the presence of retinoids, and cytokine levels were measured using ELISA and RT-PCR.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to the use of a limited number of donors and the variability in vitamin A status.

Limitations

The study primarily used in vitro models, which may not fully replicate in vivo conditions.

Participant Demographics

Healthy human volunteers aged 21-55.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.0003

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1186/1471-2172-7-27

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