Effects of Diet and Exercise on LDL and HDL Particle Size in Obese Adults
Author Information
Author(s): Krista A Varady, Surabhi Bhutani, Monica C Klempel, Cynthia M Kroeger
Primary Institution: University of Illinois at Chicago
Hypothesis
Can alternate day fasting, calorie restriction, and endurance exercise differentially affect LDL and HDL particle size in overweight and obese adults?
Conclusion
Dietary restriction increases LDL particle size, while endurance training augments HDL particle size, but neither intervention increases both simultaneously.
Supporting Evidence
- Body weight was reduced by ADF, CR, and exercise.
- Plasma LDL cholesterol decreased with ADF and CR.
- HDL cholesterol increased with exercise.
- Integrated LDL particle size increased with ADF and CR.
- The proportion of small LDL particles decreased with ADF.
- The proportion of large HDL particles increased with exercise.
Takeaway
Eating less or exercising can change the size of certain fats in your blood, but they do different things: one makes one type bigger, and the other makes a different type bigger.
Methodology
A 12-week parallel-arm trial with 60 overweight and obese adults randomized into four groups: alternate day fasting, calorie restriction, exercise, and control.
Potential Biases
Potential biases related to self-reported dietary intake and exercise adherence.
Limitations
The study had a relatively short duration and may not capture long-term effects of the interventions.
Participant Demographics
Adults aged 35 to 65, BMI between 25 and 39.9 kg/m2, non-diabetic, and sedentary or lightly active.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.001 for weight loss, p<0.05 for LDL and HDL changes
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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