Common Functional Correlates of Head-Strike Behavior in the Pachycephalosaur Stegoceras validum (Ornithischia, Dinosauria) and Combative Artiodactyls
2011

Head-Strike Behavior in Dinosaurs and Modern Animals

Sample size: 10 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Eric Snively, Jessica M. Theodor

Hypothesis

Do pachycephalosaurs exhibit head-butting behavior similar to modern artiodactyls?

Conclusion

Some pachycephalosaurs were capable of head-to-head impacts, similar to modern animals that display such combat.

Supporting Evidence

  • CT scans revealed internal cranial structures of both artiodactyls and pachycephalosaurs.
  • Finite element analyses showed how cranial stress and strain were affected by simulated head impacts.
  • Strong correlations were found between cranial morphology and head-butting behavior.

Takeaway

This study looked at how some dinosaurs used their heads to bump into each other, just like some animals today do. It found that these dinosaurs were built to handle those kinds of hits.

Methodology

CT scans and finite element analyses were used to study the cranial structures and their ability to withstand impacts.

Potential Biases

Potential bias in interpreting fossil behavior based on modern analogs.

Limitations

The study primarily focused on a limited number of specimens and may not represent all pachycephalosaurs.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0021422

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