Rapid Evolution of Cancer/Testis Genes on the X Chromosome
Author Information
Author(s): Brian J. Stevenson, Christian Iseli, Panji Sumir, Monique Zahn-Zabal, Winston Hide, Lloyd J. Old, Andrew J. Simpson, C. Victor Jongeneel
Primary Institution: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
Hypothesis
Are cancer/testis genes on the X chromosome undergoing faster evolution compared to those on autosomes?
Conclusion
CT genes are primarily responsible for the observed rapid evolution of protein-coding genes on the X chromosome.
Supporting Evidence
- CT genes are found on the X chromosome and are evolving faster than those on autosomes.
- Comparison of human and chimpanzee CT genes shows significant differences in evolutionary rates.
- CT genes are under strong diversifying selection, contributing to rapid evolution.
Takeaway
Some genes that are usually only active in sperm cells can also show up in cancers, and they are changing really fast on the X chromosome.
Methodology
The study compared human and chimpanzee CT genes using genomic sequences and phylogenetic analysis to assess evolutionary pressures.
Limitations
The study may have underestimated the number of CT homologues in the chimpanzee genome due to gaps in the assembly.
Statistical Information
P-Value
1.128e-11
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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