Smoking Patterns Among Employed Women in Helsinki
Author Information
Author(s): Sakari Karvonen, Petteri Sipilä, Pekka Martikainen, Ossi Rahkonen, Mikko Laaksonen
Primary Institution: STAKES, National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health
Hypothesis
Does the area of residence influence smoking rates among employed women in Helsinki?
Conclusion
Smoking rates among employed women vary significantly by area, influenced by local unemployment and social cohesion.
Supporting Evidence
- Smoking was significantly more prevalent in areas with high unemployment.
- The largest difference in smoking rates was found between areas with varying proportions of single households.
- Individual-level characteristics also influenced smoking rates, with lower education correlating with higher smoking prevalence.
Takeaway
Women who live in areas with more unemployment or single households are more likely to smoke. It's like how some kids might follow what their friends do, but in this case, it's about where they live.
Methodology
Cross-sectional questionnaire data were collected from municipal employees in Helsinki, focusing on women aged 40-60.
Potential Biases
Potential underrepresentation of younger respondents and manual workers in the sample.
Limitations
The study is limited to employed women in Helsinki, which may not represent the general population.
Participant Demographics
The study focused on female municipal employees aged 40-60, with a response rate of 69%.
Statistical Information
P-Value
0.0622
Confidence Interval
95% confidence intervals reported for smoking prevalence.
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Want to read the original?
Access the complete publication on the publisher's website