Environmental Contamination during H5N1 Outbreaks in Cambodia
Author Information
Author(s): Vong Sirenda, Ly Sowath, Mardy Sek, Holl Davun, Buchy Philippe
Primary Institution: Institut Pasteur in Cambodia
Hypothesis
To determine potential risk for bird-to-human transmission during influenza A virus (H5N1) outbreaks among backyard poultry in rural Cambodia.
Conclusion
Viral RNA was frequently present on various environmental surfaces in influenza (H5N1)–associated households, indicating a potential risk for transmission.
Supporting Evidence
- Viral RNA was detected in 27 (35%) of 77 environmental specimens.
- The median positivity rate per household was 50%.
- Viral RNA was found to be detectable in the environment up to 12 days after the end of the flock outbreak.
- No viruses were isolated from positive environmental specimens after 5 passages on MDCK cells.
Takeaway
The study found that the H5N1 virus can be found in the environment around sick birds, which could make it easier for people to get sick.
Methodology
Environmental specimens were collected from households near outbreak sites and tested for H5N1 using rRT-PCR.
Potential Biases
Potential bias due to the lack of vaccination among poultry owners and the limited number of households surveyed.
Limitations
The study was limited by the modest number of flocks studied and the inability to prove that infectious viruses were recovered after the sampling interval.
Participant Demographics
Households surveyed owned chickens and ducks, with most flocks being small.
Statistical Information
P-Value
0.005
Statistical Significance
p = 0.005
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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