Loss of Receptor on Tuberculin-Reactive T-Cells Marks Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis
2007

New Test for Diagnosing Active Tuberculosis

Sample size: 37 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Streitz Mathias, Tesfa Lydia, Yildirim Vedat, Yahyazadeh Ali, Ulrichs Timo, Lenkei Rodica, Quassem Ali, Liebetrau Gerd, Nomura Laurel, Maecker Holden, Volk Hans-Dieter, Kern Florian

Primary Institution: Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin

Hypothesis

Can the expression of CD27 on T-cells be used as a reliable biomarker for diagnosing active pulmonary tuberculosis?

Conclusion

The study found that measuring CD27 expression on T-cells can effectively diagnose smear and/or culture positive pulmonary tuberculosis.

Supporting Evidence

  • Patients with smear and/or culture positive TB had significantly more CD27-negative T-cells than healthy controls.
  • The test can provide results in less than 24 hours.
  • CD27 expression levels correlate with the severity of TB infection.
  • High sensitivity and specificity were achieved in distinguishing active TB from controls.
  • CD27-negative T-cells were predominantly found in patients with active TB.

Takeaway

Doctors can tell if someone has active tuberculosis by checking a specific marker on their immune cells, which helps avoid unnecessary hospital stays.

Methodology

Flow cytometry was used to analyze T-cells from tuberculosis patients and controls after stimulation with tuberculin and ESAT-6.

Potential Biases

Potential bias in patient selection and the interpretation of flow cytometry results.

Limitations

The study was limited to a specific population and may not generalize to all demographics.

Participant Demographics

Included 37 individuals: 22 with active TB, 10 with smear and culture negative TB, and 5 healthy controls.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.000

Confidence Interval

95%

Statistical Significance

p<0.000

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0000735

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