GABAergic Signaling in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Author Information
Author(s): Rocco Pizzarelli, Enrico Cherubini
Primary Institution: International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA)
Hypothesis
A dysfunction of GABAergic signaling early in development leads to a severe E/I unbalance in neuronal circuits, which may account for some of the behavioral deficits observed in ASD patients.
Conclusion
Disruption of GABAergic circuits accounts for several neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorders.
Supporting Evidence
- Genetic factors are thought to account for ∼80% of autism cases.
- An impairment of GABAergic transmission contributes to the development of ASDs.
- Alterations in GABA synthesizing enzymes have been described in ASDs patients.
- Disruption of GABAergic signaling can result in aberrant information processing.
- Animal models of ASDs show a loss or gain of GABAergic function.
Takeaway
This study talks about how a chemical in the brain called GABA helps build and shape brain connections, and problems with GABA might lead to autism.
Methodology
The paper summarizes recent data concerning the functional role of GABA in building up and refining neuronal circuits early in development and the molecular mechanisms regulating the E/I balance.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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