Mortality from cancer in relation to smoking: 50 years' observations on British doctors
2005
Tobacco Smoking and the British Doctors' Cohort
Editorial
Evidence: high
Author Information
Author(s): Boyle P
Primary Institution: International Agency for Research on Cancer
Conclusion
The study confirms that tobacco smoking is a major cause of cancer and significantly impacts life expectancy.
Supporting Evidence
- Half of smokers die from a tobacco-related disease, with many deaths occurring in middle age.
- Stopping smoking at any age can reduce the loss of life expectancy for nonsmokers.
- Tobacco smoking is confirmed as a carcinogen for multiple cancer types.
Takeaway
Smoking is really bad for you, and if you stop smoking, you can live longer, even if you quit when you're older.
Methodology
The study followed British doctors over 50 years to assess cancer risk related to smoking.
Potential Biases
Potential bias and confounding factors could not be ruled out for certain cancer associations.
Limitations
Some cancer types had sparse data, making it difficult to draw definitive conclusions.
Participant Demographics
The study involved male British doctors.
Statistical Information
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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