The Oldest Anatomically Modern Humans from Far Southeast Europe: Direct Dating, Culture and Behavior
2011

The Oldest Anatomically Modern Humans from Far Southeast Europe

Sample size: 162 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Prat Sandrine, Péan Stéphane C., Crépin Laurent, Drucker Dorothée G., Puaud Simon J., Valladas Hélène, Lázničková-Galetová Martina, van der Plicht Johannes, Yanevich Alexander

Primary Institution: Laboratoire Dynamique de l'Evolution Humaine/UPR 2147, CNRS, Paris, France

Hypothesis

What is the evidence for the presence of Anatomically Modern Humans in Eastern Europe during the Upper Paleolithic?

Conclusion

The study provides the oldest direct evidence of Anatomically Modern Humans in far southeastern Europe, dated to approximately 31,900 years ago.

Supporting Evidence

  • The human remains were found in a well-documented Upper Paleolithic stratum.
  • The remains were radiocarbon dated to 31,900 years ago.
  • Cut marks on the bones suggest post-mortem treatment.
  • The findings contribute to understanding the spread of modern humans in Europe.
  • The study highlights the cultural behaviors of early modern humans.

Takeaway

Scientists found very old human bones in Ukraine that show early modern humans lived there a long time ago and treated their dead in special ways.

Methodology

The study used a multidisciplinary approach including taxonomy, paleoecology, taphonomy, geomorphology, stratigraphy, archeology, and radiocarbon dating.

Potential Biases

Potential biases may arise from the limited sample size and the specific context of the archaeological site.

Limitations

The study is limited to a single archaeological site, which may not represent broader patterns of human behavior in the region.

Participant Demographics

The study focused on human remains attributed to at least five individuals of different developmental age groups.

Statistical Information

P-Value

31,900+240/−220

Confidence Interval

95.4% (2 σ) Cal age ranges: 35,488–35,980

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0020834

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