Pharmacological Activation/Inhibition of the Cannabinoid System Affects Alcohol Withdrawal-Induced Neuronal Hypersensitivity to Excitotoxic Insults
2011

Cannabinoids and Alcohol Withdrawal: Effects on Neuronal Sensitivity

Sample size: 20 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Marina Rubio, Hélène Villain, Fabian Docagne, Benoit D. Roussel, José Antonio Ramos, Denis Vivien, Javier Fernandez-Ruiz, Carine Ali

Primary Institution: INSERM U919, Caen, France

Hypothesis

Does the pharmacological activation or inhibition of the endocannabinoid system affect alcohol withdrawal-induced neuronal hypersensitivity to excitotoxic insults?

Conclusion

The stimulation of the endocannabinoid system protects neurons from excitotoxic damage during alcohol withdrawal, while its blockade increases neuronal death.

Supporting Evidence

  • Ethanol withdrawal increased NMDA-stimulated neuronal death by 40%.
  • Activation of the endocannabinoid system with HU-210 decreased NMDA-induced neuronal death in ethanol-withdrawn neurons.
  • Blockade of the endocannabinoid system with rimonabant increased neuronal death in both ethanol-withdrawn and control neurons.
  • HU-210 reduced NMDA-evoked calcium influx in ethanol-withdrawn neurons.

Takeaway

When people stop drinking alcohol, their brain cells can become more sensitive to damage. Using certain compounds from cannabis can help protect these cells.

Methodology

In vitro model of cultured murine cortical neurons exposed to chronic ethanol followed by withdrawal and excitotoxic challenge with NMDA.

Limitations

The study was conducted in vitro, which may not fully replicate in vivo conditions.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0023690

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