Autoimmune Epilepsy: Some Epilepsy Patients Harbor Autoantibodies to Glutamate Receptors and dsDNA on both Sides of the Blood-brain Barrier, which may Kill Neurons and Decrease in Brain Fluids after Hemispherotomy
2004

Autoimmune Epilepsy and Neuronal Death

Sample size: 77 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): YONATAN GANOR, HADASSA GOLDBERG-STERN, DINA AMROM, TALLY LERMAN-SAGIE, VIVIAN I. TEICHBERG, DORI PELLED, ANTHONY H. FUTERMAN, BRURIA BEN ZEEV, MICHAEL FREILINGER, DENIS VERHEULPEN, PATRICK VAN BOGAERT, MIA LEVITE

Primary Institution: The Weizmann Institute of Science

Hypothesis

Can specific autoantibodies contribute to the etiology and pathology of some human epilepsies?

Conclusion

Some epilepsy patients have autoantibodies that may harm neurons and decrease after surgical treatment.

Supporting Evidence

  • 29% of epilepsy patients had elevated levels of anti-GluR3B antibodies.
  • Anti-GluR3B antibodies were found in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients.
  • Functional hemispherotomy led to a decrease in anti-GluR3B antibodies and seizure cessation in some patients.
  • Some patients' sera and CSF caused significant neuronal death in cultured hippocampal neurons.
  • Elevated levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies were found in 19% of epilepsy patients.
  • Additional autoimmune antibodies were detected in the serum of some RE patients.

Takeaway

Some kids with epilepsy have bad proteins in their blood that can hurt their brain, but surgery can help them feel better.

Methodology

Patients were tested for autoantibodies and their serum and cerebrospinal fluid were analyzed for neurotoxic effects.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to the selection of patients and the retrospective nature of some data.

Limitations

The study had a small sample size for some analyses and results may vary based on treatment timing.

Participant Demographics

The study included 6 patients with Rasmussen's encephalitis and 71 patients with other types of epilepsy, with a mean age of 10.4 years for RE patients.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p=0.0005

Confidence Interval

95% CI's 4.1-16.6 years

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1080/17402520400001736

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