Self-Guided Psychological Treatment for Depressive Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis
2011

Self-Guided Treatment for Depression

Sample size: 1362 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Cuijpers Pim, Donker Tara, Johansson Robert, Mohr David C., van Straten Annemieke, Andersson Gerhard

Hypothesis

Does self-guided psychological treatment effectively reduce depressive symptoms?

Conclusion

Self-guided psychological treatment has a small but significant effect on reducing depressive symptoms.

Supporting Evidence

  • The overall mean effect size was d=0.28, indicating a significant difference between treatment and control groups.
  • The NNT for self-guided treatment was 6.41, meaning one in every six patients benefits.
  • At follow-up, the effect size remained significant with d=0.23.

Takeaway

This study shows that people can help themselves feel better when they're sad, even without a therapist.

Methodology

The study conducted a meta-analysis of seven randomized controlled trials comparing self-guided psychological treatment to control conditions.

Potential Biases

Participants were not blinded, which may have introduced bias.

Limitations

The number of included studies was small, and most did not establish a diagnosis of depression with standardized interviews.

Participant Demographics

The studies included adults with elevated levels of depressive symptoms, with a majority being female.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Confidence Interval

95% CI: 0.14, 0.42

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0021274

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